Discussion on Sleep Disorders at TNMU

In April 2025, the Department of Psychiatry, Narcology, and Medical Psychology at TNMU held another educational event at the Mental Health Center. This time, the focus was on sleep disorders — specifically, dyssomnias and parasomnias. Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Volodymyr Bilous, introduced the participants to relevant terminology and classification systems.

Particular attention was given to insomnia — including difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings, and overall poor sleep quality. In an open discussion with participants, the prevalence of insomnia and contributing factors were explored.

The session also covered parasomnias — sleep disorders involving abnormal movements, behaviors, and emotions. Associate Professor Bilous explained the differences between REM-related and non-REM parasomnias, discussed their etiology, and provided a differential diagnosis between nightmares and night terrors.

During the practical part of the session, participants practiced collecting patient complaints and medical histories related to sleep disturbances. Numerous additional questions from the audience were also addressed.

One of the key takeaways of the event was a deeper understanding of the biochemical and physiological principles of sleep hygiene, which is considered the most effective way to prevent dyssomnias. The main components of sleep hygiene discussed included:

• A consistent sleep and wake schedule
• Avoiding stimulants before bedtime
• Eliminating light in the sleeping area
• Avoiding screen exposure at least one hour before sleep
• Maintaining a cool room temperature

Since insomnia is often linked to heightened anxiety, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) methods for its treatment were also reviewed.

The event marked another important step in promoting mental health awareness and education among TNMU students.